According to a study by Stanford Medicine, children with math learning disabilities do not process number symbols using two particular areas of the brain – but do not actually differ concerning the processing of dot-based quantities.
A major international study has found that most teachers receive little or no training in dyscalculia, a maths learning difficulty that affects around one in 20 children.
The research, led by Loughborough University, surveyed 1,323 education professionals across the UK, Italy, Vietnam and South Africa and found widespread gaps in training and understanding of dyscalculia – a neurodevelopmental condition that emerges in the early years of schooling and affects how children understand numbers and develop basic mathematical skills.
Although most UK educators had heard of dyscalculia, only 42% said they clearly understood it. Just 3% received training during initial teacher education, and only 20% had completed any relevant additional training once in post.
“Our results showed that access to training in the UK was similar to our comparison countries of Vietnam and South Africa, and lower than in Italy,” said lead author Dr Alison Roulstone, a Research Associate in Loughborough University’s Department of Mathematics Education.
Children with dyscalculia often stand out because they do not understand basic mathematical concepts, even though they try very hard. Typical difficulties include understanding quantities, learning multiplication tables or estimating results. It often seems as if newly learned content does not stick, even though it was still accessible the day before.
Everyday situations outside the classroom can also be challenging: reading the time, estimating distances or handling money cause problems for many children. These uncertainties often lead to frustration, self-doubt and a growing fear of maths lessons. This is precisely why early, empathetic support is so crucial.
This distinction is important in order to select appropriate support measures. Genuine dyscalculia requires specialised diagnosis and therapeutic support, as conventional practice alone is not sufficient.
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